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Labour would impose a windfall tax on North Sea oil and gas producers to fund measures to ease the cost of living squeeze, by reducing the average household energy bill by £200.
The £6.6bn plan would include removing VAT on domestic energy bills for a whole year, as well as expanding and increasing the warm homes discount for those most at risk.
The producers would be forced to contribute £1.2bn to help fund the proposals, through a year-long increase to their corporation tax of 10 percentage points.
Shadow chancellor Rachel Reeves blamed ministers for creating a “price crisis” by responding to surging wholesale energy costs with “dither and delay” as she detailed the plan.
The government is under increasing pressure to act, with experts predicting a 50% hike to bills in April, meaning an average household paying about £700 more a year.
Labour says its plan would save most households about £200, while targeted support to low earners, pensioners and the squeezed middle would save them £600.
It would spend an extra £3.5bn on the warm homes discount, to increase it from £140 to £400 a year, while pledging to double the number of households eligible to 9.3 million.
VAT would also be removed from household energy bills for a year from April, six months longer than Labour has previously called for, at a cost of about £2.5bn.
Smoothing the costs of supplier failure by removing them from customers’ bills would cost £2.6bn, while a £600m contingency fund would be established to support energy-intensive firms.
As well as the corporation tax rise for North Sea oil and gas producers in 2022-23, Labour said the money would come from a forecast £3.1bn extra in VAT receipts as a result of rising prices.
The final £2.3bn required would come from additional North Sea oil and gas receipts forecast, according to the figures used by the party.
Reeves said: “There is a global gas price crisis, but 10 years of the Conservatives’ failed energy policy, and dither and delay, has created a price crisis that’s being felt by everyone.”
As well as the temporary measures, she said Labour would work to prevent price hikes by accelerating homegrown renewables and new nuclear.
She also said the party would retrofit 19m homes to reduce bills and “reform our broken energy system to stop energy companies playing fast and loose with the rules”.
Separately, Conservative former energy minister Chris Skidmore backed the idea of a windfall tax as prime minister Boris Johnson also comes under pressure from his own MPs to reduce bills.
The MP for Kingswood told Channel 4 News: “A windfall tax – whether you call it that, or you want to call it a carbon tax, I would rather talk about – is how we achieve carbon tax for the future, is absolutely I think the right way to go.”
Experts believe soaring wholesale costs will mean a 50% rise in April when the change to the energy price cap, determined next month, comes into effect.
That would cause an average household on a supplier’s default tariff to pay nearly £2,000 a year for their gas and electricity, compared with less than £1,300 today.
Responding to Labour’s proposals, a government spokesperson said: “The energy price cap is currently insulating millions of consumers from high global gas prices. We’ll continue to listen to consumers and businesses on how to manage the costs of energy.
“We recognise people are facing pressures with the cost of living, which is why we are taking action worth more than £4.2bn, and supporting vulnerable households through initiatives such as the £500m household support fund, warm home discount, winter fuel payments and cold weather payments.”
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